选词理由：2.3 美国俄亥俄火车脱轨事故刚看到这个新闻的时候，死活想不到脱轨应该怎么说，思前想后觉得似乎只能用词组 goes off the rails而当我看到英文报道中使用derailment这个词的时候，第一眼就觉得这非常河狸，简直就是理所应当啊！所以今天我们来学习一下这个单词。
你是否也有类似的经历？是否也被某个合成词的朴实，准确打动过？在评论区和大家分享吧！DerailmentThe first part, "derail", comes from the French verb "dérailler", which is derived from "rail". T
he root "rail," which comes from the Old French "reille" and the Latin "regula," meaning "a straight pie
ce of wood or metal used for support or guidance."The prefix "dé-" means "off" or "away from", so "dérailler" means "to go off the rails".
The second part, "-ment", is a suffix in English that is often added to verbs to form nouns indicating an action or process. For example, "accomplish" becomes "accomplishment" and "develop" becomes "development".
So, "derailment" literally means "the action or process of going off the rails". The term was first used in English in the mid-19th century and is typically used to describe the act of a train coming off its tracks. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe any situation where something has gone off course or gone wrong.
Words with the same root "rail":Railroad: a track for trainsRailcar: a car that runs on a railroadRailing: a fence made of rails
Railyard: a yard where trains are stored and maintainedWords with the same prefix "de-":Deforestation: the act of clearing a wide area of trees
Decompose: to break down into simpler partsDefrost: to remove ice from something by thawing itDetach: to separate or disconnect
Words with the same suffix "-ment":Accomplishment: the act of completing something successfullyDevelopment: the process of growing or changing over time
Movement: a group of people working together to advance a common goalRequirement: something that is necessary or mandatory
第一部分“derail”源自法语动词“dérailler”，它来源于“rail”即“轨道”一词前缀“dé-”意为“离开”或“远离”，因此“dérailler”的意思是“偏离轨道”“rail”一词的词根来自于古法语“reille”和拉丁语“regula”，意思是“一段用于支撑或引导的直木或金属”。
第二部分“-ment”是英语中的一个后缀，通常加在动词后面，表示一个行为或过程例如，“accomplis变成“accomplishment”，“develop”变成“development”因此，“derailment”的字面意思是“偏离轨道的行为或过程”。
这个术语首次出现在19世纪中期的英语中，通常用来描述火车脱轨的情况然而，它也可以比喻地用来描述任何事情偏离了正轨或出了问题的情况与“rail”有相同词根的词汇有：Railroad：火车轨道 Railcar：铁路车辆
Railing：栏杆 Railyard：铁路站场与前缀“de-”有相同的词汇有：Deforestation：森林砍伐 Decompose：分解 Defrost：除霜 Detach：分离与后缀“-ment”有相同的词汇有：
Accomplishment：完成某事的行为 Development：发展 Movement：运动 Requirement：必要条件
亲爱的读者们，感谢您花时间阅读本文。如果您对本文有任何疑问或建议，请随时联系我。我非常乐意与您交流。
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